写作提升 · 雅思写作 · 大作文 · 开头段 · 结尾段 · 写作技巧
开头许下的立场,结尾要原样兑现
用儿童入学年龄题对照一组匹配的首尾段,以及一组模板化但没有明确观点的反例。
题目要求讨论儿童应尽早入学,还是至少七岁再入学,并给出自己的观点。开头和结尾的关系不是句型相似,而是立场一致。
一组能对上的首尾
开头:
While an early start may give children more time in formal education, I believe most should begin school at around seven, when they are better prepared for structured learning.
这句话交代双方争议,并明确选择较晚入学,理由是对结构化学习的准备度。
结尾:
In conclusion, the extra classroom time offered by an early start is less important than children's readiness to learn in a structured setting. I therefore favour beginning formal schooling at around seven.
结尾只重新衡量正文已经讨论的“课堂时间”和“准备度”,没有突然增加家庭成本或教师数量。
一组看似完整、实际没表态的首尾
In contemporary society, school starting ages have become a hot topic. This essay will discuss both views and give my opinion.
In conclusion, both views have advantages and disadvantages, and children should start school at an appropriate age.
两段都很像作文,却没有告诉读者作者认为什么。“appropriate”把最需要判断的问题藏了起来;结尾也无法回扣正文的主次。
开头可以一句、两句或更多,只要准确引入任务并让立场可辨。结尾同样不要求固定句型;把正文的关键理由重新放回同一个判断即可。写完后只需核对一件事:单独阅读开头和结尾,读者会不会得到两个不同答案。